Month: March 2022

Uganda`s 1995 Constitution upholds equality between men and women, including land acquisition and ownership. [15] However, research by Women`s Land Link Africa shows that women remain excluded from land ownership due to deep-rooted customs and cultural habits. [16] Even though women save enough money to buy land, the land is signed in their husband`s name, while women sign as witnesses. [16] Inheritance practices are a particular barrier that also reduces women`s empowerment. Land is transmitted by male ancestry, which reinforces the exclusion of women from land ownership. [17] Another disadvantage of equality that Women`s Land Link Africa points out is that women are not sufficiently aware of the rights they have under the law to own land. [16] Rural and illiterate women do not even have access to the new constitution that guarantees them land rights. Land rights are an integral part of land laws because they socially enforce the right of groups of individuals to own land in accordance with a nation`s land laws. Land law deals with legal mandates established by a country with respect to land ownership, while land rights refer to the social acceptance of land ownership. Landesa argues that while the law may advocate equal access to land, land rights in some countries and cultures can impede a group`s right to actually own land.

[2] Laws are important, but they must be supported by cultural tradition and social acceptance. Therefore, a country`s land ownership and land rights laws must coincide. Bina Agarwal argues that land ownership significantly reduces the likelihood of domestic violence against Indian women. [10] Ownership of property elevates women to a higher status within the household, allowing for greater equality and bargaining power. In addition, owning property separated from their husbands gave women the opportunity to escape abusive relationships. [10] Agarwal concluded that the prospect of safe shelter outside the primary household reduces the longevity of family violence. [10] Indigenous land rights are recognized by international law as well as by the national legal systems of common law and civil law countries. In common law jurisdictions, the land rights of Indigenous peoples are called Indigenous title.

In customary jurisdictions, common land is the predominant form of land ownership. Land contracts are often financed by sellers. However, in some cases, a borrower may seek traditional bank financing for a land contract. A borrower who wants to build on land may want to finance the property with a bank loan. The terms of a loan for land usually include a higher interest rate and are usually based on a shorter term. Land loans are also often structured with a lump sum payment and not with regular instalment payments. Often, builders who receive a loan for land refinancing or repay the loan with a takeaway loan once the property is built and a greater collateral value is established. Except as otherwise provided in this Agreement, the net profits of the Property will be divided and distributed on a pro rata basis to the parties in accordance with their respective interests. All losses and liabilities arising in the course of business activities shall be borne and settled by the parties in the same proportion. Another problem with land rights in India is that they make women completely dependent on the lives of their husbands.

A study by Bina Agarwal found that in West Bengal, wealthy families become destitute when the male head of household dies, as women are not allowed to take over their husband`s land. [9] Also because of cultural tradition, the higher the status of women, the less likely they are to have developed skills that would be useful in finding employment. [9] These women are forced to beg for food and shelter after their husbands` deaths because they have not been allowed to gain work experience. [9] In many parts of the world, women have access to land to cultivate and cultivate the land; However, there are traditions and cultural norms that prevent women from inheriting or buying land. [7] [11] This places women in a dependency on their husbands, brothers or fathers for their livelihood and housing. [9] In the event of illness, domestic violence or death in the family, women would be landless and unable to grow grain for food or rent land for profit. Land ownership for women is a crucial form of security and income that increases empowerment and reduces poverty. Although land rights are essential to achieving a higher standard of living, certain groups of individuals are systematically excluded from land ownership regulations. The law may allow access to land, but cultural barriers and poverty traps limit the ability of minority groups to own land.

[7] To achieve equality, these groups must be granted adequate land rights that are recognized both socially and legally. .

Most modern business models today require brands to work with various key partners to take full advantage of their business model. Let`s consider buying a new car. There are literally thousands of important partnership relationships that have made the car possible. If you are the car manufacturer, your main partners are the companies that manufacture the tires, rims and brakes. In addition, if you are the tire company, you have important partnerships with rubber suppliers and the steel company that provides you with the steel cables used to manufacture the tires. Every link in the supply chain has key partners who help the company do what it does. People tend to focus on certain parts of their business, e.B. what software packages are used, which is the cheapest provider, how to optimize internal processes…? Partnership Agreement: It is important that you have a clear partnership agreement, whether you are working with a company or an individual. Make sure the expectations of the partnership are clear on both sides to avoid confusion or even conflict later.

If you`re a SaaS company like SalesForce or Strava, it`s likely that a licensing or subscription revenue model is more appropriate. In this chapter, we will look at different types of partnerships. I hope this information will motivate you to form partnerships. As you can see, we have filled in the entire right side of our Business Model Canvas. We mentioned the following: [slideshare id=41589722&doc=businessmodelcanvas-swlisbon14-141115053427-conversion-gate02] Now take note of your current partners in your canvas and create a separate list of potential partnerships to explore. Conversely, Google has members of the Google advertising network, which are content companies that work with Google to deliver content to its search engine. It provides advertisers with access to the websites of these content companies through the Google AdSense program and, in turn, shares the revenues of that program with the relevant companies, resulting in a mutually beneficial partnership. In addition, Google also works with distributors to drive traffic to its websites. However, this is a group of distributors and Google does not depend on a distributor. As we mentioned during the discussion of key activities, Zara needs strategic partnerships with many different suppliers if they want to design and produce their collections. Its simplicity.

The Business Model Canvas allows us to perform high-level analysis without digging and getting lost in the details. You just need to draw the 9 building blocks on a blank canvas, fill them out when each concept relates to your business, and hang it somewhere where everyone can see it. Canvanizer is a free and easy-to-use web-based tool that allows you to share links between team members who are brainstorming ideas for a business model canvas but working remotely. Companies forge partnerships for many reasons, and partnerships become the cornerstone of many business models. Companies form alliances to optimize their business models, reduce risk or acquire resources. We can distinguish four different types of partnerships, which are strategic alliances between non-competitors, coopetition: strategic partnerships between competitors, joint ventures to develop new business relationships and buyer-supplier relationships to ensure reliable supply. Key partners are the relationships a company has with other companies that run the business model (.B for example, suppliers, manufacturers, or consultants). These partnerships are a necessary helping hand to succeed in areas that would be ineffective for the company to take care of itself. As with Strategyzer, there are several Business Model Canvas templates to help you get started with your analysis. The strength of this platform is its accessibility.

Similar to a Google Doc. multiple people can brainstorm the same canvas at the same time, automatically syncing changes. Buying these raw products on the market was so expensive and I had to walk frequently, which took me time for my business. .

– The home office must be a main place of business. You need to use it regularly. The IRS will look at how long you work in that office to determine if you can qualify your home office for a tax deduction. But there are a few tips to make the transition to working from home a little easier. Founded in 2009 by Laurie Gormican Rowen and Erin Clary Giglia, Montage Legal Group provides independent legal services to law firms and legal services. Lawyers decide how much they work and how much they charge and work as independent contractors. If you`d like to join their pool of independent lawyers, send your resume to their team and someone will contact you for next steps. When you work full-time from home, your employers give you more trust and responsibility. Regardless of your type of job, you are expected to manage your time efficiently while maintaining a high level of work. Sometimes the extra layer of responsibility can seem daunting, especially if you work alone and have no one to bounce ideas or turn to them for help if the printer isn`t working. And of course, make sure everyone is clear about expectations and arrangements for working from home.

Once you have the job, read the most important tips on how to work remotely as a lawyer to ensure maximum productivity and a good work-life balance when working from home. To find some of the best remote lawyer job deals, LinkedIn is a great place to start. The networking and employment-focused website lists hundreds of home-based legal jobs every day. The best part is that you can quickly see if the positions are related to your existing network. You can set up notifications via LinkedIn so you can be notified immediately when new positions are listed. Depending on their expertise, lawyers may offer different types of writing services to increase monthly income. On the other hand, if you`re not picky and don`t mind getting a career that isn`t related to law, here`s a huge list of working from home. Because you know how to communicate with lawyers and other professionals in the legal industry, you can use your communication and persuasion skills more effectively and hopefully make a sale. Moving from a traditional office job to a remote job is never easy, regardless of your field of activity or profession. Can you make tax deductions in your home office? Yes, you can, but you must follow certain rules to do so. After gaining experience in a traditional law firm or other law firm, you can easily think about working from home.

By working with other lawyers, you can gain great skills and develop good habits. In addition, working in a law firm can initially help you build a good reputation and a network of valuable contacts that will be important if you work from home. We have seen several in-house lawyers working from home. Organizations can offer remote, part-time or contract positions for in-house legal advice. It just depends on their flexibility and needs. Whether it`s the desire for a better work-life balance or the unexpected need to work remotely, today`s workers and job seekers are increasingly yearning for a paradigm shift from nine to five offices: According to a recent Global Talent Trends study, 51% of employees wanted their company to offer more flexible work options, while one bank claims that 80% of their full-time employees work in a mixed way in the long term. Work in the home office could change. With today`s technology and telecommuting options, there are plenty of associate lawyer jobs to explore from home. More and more companies are hiring job seekers for positions that allow the lawyer to work remotely. Or you can start your own law firm and practice on your own. For example, cloud-based practice management software like Clio Manage can make it easier to use legal documents, stay organized, and manage cases from anywhere. Lawyers also use Clio Grow`s client registration and CRM software to easily and securely connect with clients remotely.

If you work from home, the tasks you performed as a lawyer in your traditional 9-5 year job will remain and you can continue to pursue your specialization. Telecommuting jobs for lawyers are usually part-time jobs and ideal for solo practitioners or independent lawyers as additional income. Due to technological advances, the legal industry, like any other industry, is changing rapidly and many legal services can be provided through the use of telecommunications. The rise of remote work has created a type of job with different expectations than jobs in a traditional firm, the path to a successful job as a home lawyer may be slightly different from what you are used to, and between different law firms and companies. Here are some tips to make the process a little easier: No matter why you want or need to work remotely, there are many jobs that lawyers can do from home – jobs that allow you to put your skills and experience to good use while giving you the flexibility you need right now. You never know: working from home could be an opportunity to expand your skills, gain unexpected experience, and expand your network so you`ll be an even stronger lawyer in the future. Lawclerk is an online platform where lawyers hire independent lawyers. To apply for a specific project or browse various independent projects, you must first create an account. No matter what path you take, if you`re looking for full-time work-from-home opportunities, you should prioritize jobs with flexible options – and clearly negotiate your work-from-home agreements from the start. One of those lawyers who gave up her legal career for the blogger lifestyle is Natalie Bacon. After graduating from law school and passing the bar exam, Natalie ended up with $206,000 worth of student debt! During this time, she learned all about money and decided to start a blog about personal finance.

For a few years, she continued to work as a lawyer and ran her blog as a side business, but later decided that being a lawyer wasn`t for her. Today, Natalie runs her full-time blogging and coaching business at home. Indeed is considered the #1 website for remote jobs. They allow their users to search for jobs for free, publish their resumes, and research companies. In addition, there are few filters depending on your salary requirements, experience, company, country, etc. People will always want your feedback, expertise and plans to be kept up to date. Just because you work in isolation doesn`t mean you can isolate yourself from your team. Constant communication is the key to a successful and happy team. The COVID-19 crisis has changed the way all law firms operate, even if vaccines are distributed. In many scenarios, the situation has forced lawyers and law firms to work remotely for the foreseeable future. .

This client alert addresses the impact of negative interest rates on transactions and collateral documentation commonly used in the European commodity derivatives market. A spread clause is a provision of the paragraph, annex or addendum to an ISDA guarantee contract which provides that the interest rate or amount is determined by reference to one or more variable interest rates or any other mechanism whose interest rate(s) or any other mechanism may be increased or decreased by a specific number or mechanism for determining a number. An example would be that the interest rate used for an interest period would be the average of the EONIA rates for each day over the corresponding interest period plus or minus a certain number of basis points. Since such a provision reflects an agreement between the parties to use something other than a simple interest rate, market participants have decided that negative interest amounts in this case should not be subject to the Protocol without further discussion between the parties concerned. Accordingly, an ISDA ancillary agreement with such a provision would be exempt from amendments to the Protocol. The pressure on guarantee agreements is unlikely to ease in the coming months, as significant changes will be made to the next margin agreements for centrally uncompensated loans from September 2016. In this context, the issue of negative interest rates serves as a noisy red flag. Introduction As the Financial Times notes, “a fall in European interest rates into negative territory could profoundly affect the functioning of the financial system … ». However, this is not only a problem for interest payments in euros, but it currently also applies to the Swiss franc and the Danish krone, and this has also been the case in the past with other currencies such as the Hong Kong dollar. The use of negative interest rates as a monetary instrument is not new and, although less common, “there is nothing special about entering negative territory”1.

Impact of negative interest rates on collateral documentation on commodities The collateral documentation most commonly used by commodity market participants in Europe is the 1995 ISDA Credit Support Annex (the “ISDA CSA”) and the EFET Credit Support Annex (v.2.0, May 2010)3 (the “EFET CSA”). These Credit Support Annexes or CFAs are used to secure obligations under the ISDA Framework Agreement or, in the case of efet CSA, the EFET General Agreement on the Supply and Purchase of Electricity (f.2.1(a), Sept. 2007) (the “EFET Power”) or the EFET GENERAL AGREEMENT on the Supply and Purchase of Natural Gas (v.2.0, May 2007) (the “EFET Gas”). As mentioned earlier, there is nothing special about interest rates entering negative territory, but in a world accustomed to positive interest rates, a new approach to risk analysis and management is needed. Similarly, the effects of negative interest rates related to commodity trading documents prepared with positive interest rates in mind may have interesting implications. There may be other reasons to resort to negative interest rates, such as. B protect local export markets by limiting the appreciation of a national currency against other competing currencies. Such an appreciation can be caused by a rapid influx of “hot money” when a particular currency is considered a safe haven. This was the case for the central banks of Denmark and Switzerland, which sought to stem the tide of investors seeking refuge against the perceived risk of the euro. Each form of ISDA side agreement differs in terms of terminology, section or paragraph numbers, and other aspects.

They may also differ in the legal approach (e.g.B. transfer of title vs. security right). Therefore, changes to each ISDA warranty agreement are provided separately for each relevant ISDA warranty agreement. 24. If the amount of interest for an interest period is negative, when is the secured creditor required to pay that negative interest amount AV (absolute value of a negative interest amount) to the secured party? The effects of the ECB`s policy are already evident in the negative yields on euro bond markets. What is even more worrying is that the maturity of bonds sold at negative yields is rising, suggesting that hopes for a short-term economic recovery are fading. If this view continues, negative interest rates may well be passed on from the central bank to commercial banks and depositors. However, it does not follow that just because the policy interest rate is negative does not mean that money market or commercial loan rates will automatically follow. Although deposit rates have historically followed wholesale refinancing costs (which are typically higher than the central bank`s interest rate), commercial banks have a hard time explaining to depositors why they should pay the bank to keep their money (either through negative interest rates or other deposit account fees). The imposition of negative interest rates could lead depositors to decide to liquidate their deposits and keep their liquidity outside the banking system. As a result, commercial banks prefer to reduce operating costs or reduce profits, rather than simply passing on the additional financing costs to customers.

This can only be a short-term solution for a commercial bank, and therefore a prolonged period of negative interest rates by the central bank will ultimately have a negative impact on commercial lending. However, under the CSA, in which an amount of interest is incurred on the cash security held by the holder, it is generally payable to the supplier party. In the case of a negative interest rate, this may amount to an obligation on the supplier party to pay such interest to the security holder. The problem in ISDA-CSA as well as in efET-CSA is that, in its original version, there was no mechanism to recognize a payment obligation in relation to a negative interest amount or to require the supplier party to pay the absolute value of the negative interest amount to the collateral holder (the “negative interest obligation issue”). Negative interest rates as a monetary policy tool The current negative interest rate environment stems from the fact that a number of central banks set negative interest rates on reserve requirements that commercial banks must place with their central supervisory banks. These negative interest rates affect interest rates on surpluses that commercial banks may have with their central bank, and in turn on short-term money market rates for that banking system. The main problem is that the documentation does not address the issue of negative interest rates in relation to the amount of interest with sufficient clarity. The party receiving the guarantee (the “secured party” or otherwise identified) would not have a clear right to demand payment of negative interest, so it would be exposed to a recurring loss caused by a negative interest rate […].

Things have improved, yes. But they also became very, very bad. Could visibility, which will help confirm transgender, intersex and non-binary people in our identities, also expose us to more harassment, discrimination and prejudice? In November 2018, two non-binary people from the province of Mendoza were the first to receive an IDENTITY document and a genderless birth certificate. [20] In early 2019, trans activist Lara María Bertolini was allowed to change her official gender to the non-binary transfeminine label “travesti femininity” (Spanish: femineidad travesti) through a court ruling that was seen as an important milestone for the transvestite movement. Judge Myriam Cataldi held that the Gender Identity Act was applicable to the Bertolini case, citing the law`s definition of “gender identity” as follows: “the inner and individual experience of gender as each person feels it, which may or may not correspond to the gender assigned at birth, including personal experience of the body.” [21] Non-binary employees should feel comfortable expressing themselves in the workplace without fear of harassment or discrimination. As the legal landscape continues to evolve, employers must be aware of the needs of their non-binary employees and continue to take steps to promote inclusive and diverse workplaces. If you have any questions about this, please contact your fisher Phillips lawyer. California`s gender recognition law will end the requirement for Californians to prove they have undergone treatment before changing sex in their legal documents. [8] It also provides that the Clerk of the State shall issue, without a court order, new birth certificates reflecting a requested sex change to individuals, provided that the person applies for and submits an affidavit. [9] The affidavit would require applicants to “confirm, under penalty of perjury, that the application for sex change to (female, male, non-binary) is intended to match the person`s legal sex to the person`s gender identity and is not made for fraudulent purposes.” [10] You don`t need to understand what it means for someone to be non-binary to respect it. Some people haven`t heard much about non-binary genders or have trouble understanding them, and that`s okay.

But identities that some people don`t understand still deserve respect. Recently, California became the first U.S. state to include a non-binary gender option in state law that allows residents to list non-binary as their sex on official documents such as birth certificates, driver`s licenses, and state-issued identification. [1] California Governor Jerry Brown signed Senate Bill 179, the Gender Recognition Act, on October 15, 2017. [2] The law aims to ensure that intersex, transgender and non-binary people fully recognize their exact gender identity. [3] The signing of the bill sparks speculation about the future of gender designation in U.S. federal documents and whether non-binary gender identification makes people a target of harassment. Human Rights Watch filed an amicus letter in Elan-Cane`s case, noting that a 2018 Government Equalities Office survey of more than 100,000 LGBT+ people in the UK found that 7 percent of respondents identified as non-binary. Among transgender respondents, fifty-two percent were non-binary, and many told survey respondents that they felt aggrieved by the lack of non-binary sex markers. As they put it, “Every time I fill out a form, with a few notable exceptions, I`m forced to choose a binary genre and title, which is fake and annoying… When governments commit to recognizing the rights of transgender citizens and defending their dignity, they should recognize the identity of those who do not identify as women or men, rather than forcing those citizens to live in disagreement with their documents.

At least ten countries allow people to opt for an “X” gender marker in at least some circumstances, although progress has often required lengthy court battles. In some cases, courts have only used “X” sex markers for intersex people — people born with chromosomes, gonads, sexual organs, or genitals different from those considered typical of girls or boys — but they have not extended this recognition to non-binary people who are not intersex. Such decisions are anachronistic rooted in the principle that sexual markers should reflect biology or parts of the body. In June, the Netherlands issued a directive that removed gender marks from its national identity documents, although they remain on birth certificates. While some countries, including Germany, have already issued identity papers without a gender or gender mark, the Netherlands appears to be the first country to remove these marks as a deliberate step towards promoting the inclusion of transgender and non-binary people. Advocacy efforts to remove gender characteristics from documents should be aware of the potential need for alternative measures to prosecute and prevent discrimination based on sex. In some European countries without sex characteristics on identity documents, authorities can search for a person`s officially registered sex marker in the civil registry if deemed necessary. But as the number of countries that allow “X” designations increases, the shift from two to three recognized genders will strengthen the investigation into the official purpose of capturing and locking people in each sex. .

If a compensating party does not have sufficient assets to defend against a claim and possibly reimburse the claim, it must extend the protection of its liability insurance to the exempt party if it wishes to compensate its compensation. (For more information on claims, see “Shop for Auto Insurance” and “How does the 80% rule work for home insurance?”) Here`s why: Indemnification is the process by which liability for losses is expressly transferred as part of a contractual relationship. Without it, there is no way for an insurance policy to establish this liability – meaning there would be no way to actually enforce the protection provided. The third type of remuneration is the comparative form clause. It requires that negligence be compared. With this clause, the person entitled to compensation is liable for all losses caused by his or her appropriate actions. The principles of the common law, generally recognized in the United States, determine this responsibility. The person entitled to compensation is not liable for negligence committed directly by the person entitled to compensation. All insurance, with the exception of accident insurance, falls within the scope of compensation. It is an absolute promise to compensate the insured. In the event of non-performance, an action may be brought immediately, regardless of the actual damage. If the liability arises from the indemnity holder and is absolute, he would be entitled to use the compensation provider to protect him from this liability by dealing with it. An insurance policy that compensates a party for incidental damage or loss up to a certain limit – usually the value of the loss on its own – is called liability insurance.

Liability insurance provides protection against claims or lawsuits. It protects the policyholder from having to pay the full amount of a settlement, even if he is at fault. Most companies require compensation from their directors and officers because lawsuits are so widespread. It ensures that legal costs, lawyers` fees and any settlements are covered. Insurance, on the other hand, is the actual contract, also known as a policy, which requires financial reimbursement from an insurance company in the event of a claim. An indemnified party may apply for additional insurance status because if for any reason the indemnification proves unenforceable, the indemnified party may still be covered by the policy as an insured. Another reason is that if the insurer agrees, the indemnified party may receive a cancellation of the policy. In mangladha Ram v. Ganda Mal, the promise made by the seller to the Vendée to be liable if the ownership of the land was disturbed was considered compensation.

[iv] Indemnified parties should review the indemnification provision to ensure that it contains the important word “defend”. If the defense is not included in the responsibilities assumed by the indemnifying party, the insurance company is not required to participate in the claim unless a judgment is rendered against the indemnified party. Landowners may be incentivized to grant access rights to recreational or sports groups, such as clubs organized for hiking, snowmobiling, bird watching, hunting or fishing, if the club assumes responsibility for injuries (or caused by) its members by obtaining exemptions and offering compensation guaranteed by insurance coverage. The terms and conditions set out in a business contract determine the amount of remuneration that one party must pay on behalf of the other. An appropriate contract specifies the types of compensation required due to the nature of the transaction. The compensation claimed is appropriate in this case, since the holder of the easement does not have the right to work for illegal purposes (e.B. deposit of hazardous substances) to access the property, and landowners are always responsible for compliance with the laws applicable to their property; therefore, their burden is the same, whether they act only for themselves or also for the protection of the holder of the servitude. Then you have an intermediate form of compensation. This compensates a party for their negligence, unless they are entirely to blame. This type of remuneration almost always includes the phrase `. partly caused. Since the word “integer” is not included, it is no longer a general form of compensation.

This covers the partial negligence of the party in seeking compensation. Now that you know that life insurance is not a clearing contract when you are looking for life insurance, here are some of the best life insurance policies. These are provided by Canara HSBC Oriental Bank of Commerce Life Insurance. Wondering why life insurance is not a compensation contract? You may want to learn the difference between them. With only 2.82% of India`s population having life insurance, it is important to ensure that people are fully informed about its characteristics and nature. Keep reading this article to understand the concepts of life insurance and clearing contract and how they differ. Example. Eagle View Inc., a non-profit charity, wants to rent a section of Eagle View Mountain for bird watching activities. The landowner is happy to have the income from the lease, but insists on a compensation provision. Eagle View has liability insurance with coverage limits of $500,000. It is willing to commit to obtaining exemptions from its members and maintaining its existing insurance coverage, but it cannot afford to pay higher premiums for higher coverage. It is Eagle View`s policy not to jeopardize its charitable foundation through contractual obligations.

The landowner and Eagle View agree to limit the indemnification provision to the product available for the defense and payment of the claim under Eagle View`s liability insurance. Types of indemnification contracts include protection or security against financial liability. .